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Ruy Lopez (Spanish Opening)
One of the oldest and most respected openings. White pins/pressures the knight defending e5 instead of grabbing the center immediately.
Key ideas
• Bb5 targets the c6 knight, which is the only defender of the e5 pawn.
• White's plan is slow pressure — building a big center and a long-term edge, not a quick knockout.
• Considered the most thoroughly analyzed opening in chess history.
What to play next
a6
Morphy Defense: the main line, asks the bishop to declare its intentions immediately.
Nf6
Berlin Defense: counterattacks e4, leads to solid, drawish endgames favored at the top level.